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Craps Rules & Strategies
It seems that the proposed origin of craps is only limited by imagination and differs based upon whom you consult. One thing everyone agrees upon is that some form of the game has been around for thousands of years.
Could dice games have been birthed several thousand years judi bola malaysia when more primitive cultures rolled bones to divine the will of the gods? Could that be the reason we still use the slang term "bones" even today when referring to dice?
It does seem to be a good bet that dice are the oldest gambling implements known to man. I make this statement based upon reports of archaeologists uncovering games of chance in Mesopotamia which were over 5000 years old and dice which were thought to be even more ancient. Also, accounts of gambling were found in the Great Pyramid of Cheops dating back to around 3000 BC.
In the Bible under the Law of Moses, "lots" were sometimes cast to ascertain the will of God. The Hebrew word for "lot" means pebble or small stone. Later on in the New Testament, it was by the casting of lots that the Roman soldiers gambled for the Robe of Jesus. It appears fairly obvious that dice were used in the casting of lots and even Caesar referred to the game when he crossed the Rubicon with his troops and yelled, "The die has been cast!" Of course he said it in Latin. But seriously, the Etruscans are credited with having introduced 6-sided dice to Rome.
We know for sure that an early form of what we see in the casinos was played in the 18th Century by Englishmen who called the game "Hazard". It soon began to appear in French casinos where the game was played against the house. In the English version, however, players competed against each other. "French Hazard" eventually began to be referred to as "Craps" which was actually a perversion of the slang term "crabs" and referred to a roll of a pair of one's. Today a pair of one's is still a craps roll but the more commonly used slang for it is "snake eyes".
Dice were brought to the New World by explorers and settlers and the game evolved and changed somewhat from that played in sophisticated French casinos. In New Orleans in 1813, Bernard de Mandeville adapted Hazard into the game of Private Craps which ultimately became quite popular on Mississippi River Boats and in gambling halls across the country.
There was a slight problem with Private Craps, however. Since it used only Come bets and Field bets, it was conducive to cheating by the use of weighted or shaved dice. Eventually a dice maker named John H. Winn developed a version in which the player could bet for or against the shooter and this pretty much eliminated the effectiveness of dice altered for cheating. Winn's version of craps is basically what is now known as Bank Craps. This is what is played in casinos today.
Craps Rules
A casino craps table can appear somewhat mystifying and maybe even intimidating to a novice who knows nothing about the game. I mean, when you consider that there is usually a cloud of cigar and cigarette smoke hanging over the table and you hear people speaking in code shouting things like "$5 Yo!" or "Horn High Ace-deuce!" what is a person to think? One might also observe that craps players seem to be riding an emotional roller coaster and are either having more fun than anyone else in the casino or they are the most disgusted.
Well, in the next few paragraphs I am going to attempt to remove the cloak of mystery and let you in on the fun as I explain the rules of the game and how to play. I'll also touch on some of the terminology so you won't even need a decoder ring when you finally walk up to a craps table and place a bet.
Casino Craps is played with two dice that have a total of 36 different possible combinations. There are 11 numbers that can be rolled with those 36 combinations (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12). 7 is the most frequently rolled number since there are more combinations that produce a 7 than any other number, six in all. There are five combinations that produce a 6 and also five that produce 8. Four combinations produce the 5 and 9, three for the 4 and 10, two for the 3 and 11, and one each for the 2 and the 12.
Table Personnel
As you view a casino craps table, you will notice that there is an individual seated at the center of the table on the pit side. This person is known as the "Boxman" and he/she is in charge of the game. The Boxman settles any disputes that may arise. Among his other duties is watching the dealers to insure they make correct payoffs as well as keeping a sharp eye out for any potential cheaters.
Flanking the Boxman on both his right and left is a dealer that handles the betting action on his/her half of the table.
In the center of the table opposite the Boxman is the "Stickman". He calls out the result of each roll of the dice and retrieves the dice with a long stick which is curved on the end (thus the term "Stickman"). The Stickman also has the responsibility of booking the proposition bets which are on the layout in the center of the table in front of him. When a proposition bet wins, the Stickman authorises the amount of payment and to whom the bet is paid.
Basic Procedures
Casino craps tables come in various sizes ranging from eight feet to fourteen feet. So the maximum number of people that can be accommodated at a craps table varies also but ranges from twelve to twenty or so.
Each player at the table can take a turn at shooting the dice if he/she so desires and the dice move around the table in a clockwise fashion. When it comes his turn, if a player wants to throw the dice (it's not mandatory), then he/she must place a bet either on the Pass Line or the Don't Pass Line.
The minimum bet for craps in most casinos is $5 although there are some smaller venues that may have minimum bets as low as $1. As with other casino table games, the minimum bet may vary from table to table. Normal table minimums are $5, $10, $25 and $100. The minimum bet amount is posted on the inside wall of each craps table.
If a player opts to shoot the dice, then he continues to throw them until he "seven's out" (this term will be explained shortly). Then the dice are offered to the next player to his left.
Come Out Roll
When a new shooter gets the dice, his first roll is called the "Come Out" roll. Also, if the shooter makes his point, the first roll after a made point is also a Come Out roll. If a shooter's Come Out roll is a 2, 3, 7, 11 or 12, then another Come Out roll is made. Come Out rolls continue to be made until a shooter rolls a 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 or 10. When this happens, the shooter is said to have established a point and is no longer making Come Out rolls.
Pass Line
The first bet we will discuss is one of the most prominent bets shown above on the typical casino craps layout. The "Pass Line" is the bet that most players who are new to the game will make. A Pass Line bet is placed squarely in the middle of the area marked "Pass Line" on the layout. It is important to place the bet in the center of this area so that it isn't touching a line because bets placed on the inner line or outside the outer line are different bets.
A Pass Line bet wins if the Come Out roll is a 7 or 11. The player is paid even money or one to one odds on any winning Pass Line bet. When a 7 or 11 is rolled on the Come Out roll, the dice are said to have "Passed". If a 2, 3, or 12 is rolled on the Come Out roll, this constitutes a Craps Roll and the Pass Line automatically losses but the shooter does not forfeit the dice.
When something other than a 2, 3, 7, 11 or 12 is rolled on the Come Out roll, that number becomes the shooter's point. The point will always be one of the six "box numbers" (4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10). If the shooter can then roll his point before rolling a 7, the dice have passed and he wins his Pass Line bet. But if he rolls a 7 before rolling the established point, the Pass Line bet losses. The shooter has "sevened out" and his roll has ended. Note that other than on the Come Out roll, dice rolls of 2, 3, 11 or 12 have no effect on the Pass Line bet.
Come Bet
A Come Bet is placed in the large area marked "Come". A Come Bet works the same way as a Pass Line bet, but it is made after a Pass Line bet. In other words, you can only make a Pass Line Bet on a Come Out roll. However, if you want to continue to make a Pass Line type bet after a point has been established, then you place your bet in the Come area. Just like a Pass Line bet, a Come Bet wins on a roll of 7 or 11 and loses on 2, 3 or 12. If any other number is rolled (4, 5, 6, 8, 9 or 10), the dealer moves the Come Bet to that number on the layout. If that number is rolled again before a 7 is rolled, the Come Bet wins, but if a 7 is rolled first, it losses. So you see, a Come Bet is the exact same thing as a Pass Line bet except it is made after a point has been established. It also pays even money like a Pass Line bet.
Pass Line bets and Come bets are said to be "contract bets" which means that once you make those bets you cannot pick them up. You are under contract to leave that bet on the table until it is either won or lost.
Pass Line and Come bets are called "do side" bets because you are betting with the shooter. You are betting that he will either win on his come out roll by rolling a 7 or 11 or subsequently win by making his point.
Don't Pass and Don't Come Bets
A Don't Pass Line bet is the opposite of a Pass Line bet. If you will notice on the layout above, the Don't Pass Line is the next area inside the Pass Line and that is where you place your bet if you want to bet against the shooter.